The report reveals both the concentration of illicit flows in the region’s largest economies and some striking outliers among smaller states. Cumulatively over 2013 to 2022, the Western Hemisphere’s trade gaps totaled roughly $3.64 trillion.

Trade-Related Illicit Financial Flows in the Western Hemisphere, 2013-2022 – Global Financial Integrity Trade-Related Illicit Financial Flows in the Western Hemisphere, 2013-2022